Illinois v. Wardlow 528 U.S.119 (Case law) Research Paper

Illinois v. Wardlow 528 U.S.119 (Case law) - Research Paper Example They found a handgun from him and later o arrest him for further enquiry. When the case was presented in the Illinois Trial court, Wardlaw’s motion in that area was denied to suppress by the court and they also gave the judgment as the gun was found during a legal stop and search operation. But state Appellate Court reverse the decision stating that there was not enough evidence of doubt for Nolan to stop and search Wardlaw. Latter on Supreme Court stated the fact that sudden movement or flight in a high crime zone could not be a reason to suspect and stop-search an individual as the movement can be treated like â€Å"right to go on one’s way†. But as the suspect tried to flight from the place therefore the further investigation can be carry on. (Legal Information Institute, 2000). The Fourth Amendment of US law did support the action of the police office. According to Ferguson & Bernache (2008), under the guidelines of the Supreme Court, lower court while giving any decision can consider an area as high crime area as a factor to review the reasonableness of Fourth Amendment stop. But the definition of high crime area was not mentioned by the highest court, and therefore a lot of controversies were there during Illinois v Wardlaw case. After this incident, the need of defining high crime area was understood. According to them, high crime area could be defined based on three different parameters, such as: the area have to be marked by high degree of particularized criminal activities, the geographical boundary of that area have to be specified and thirdly the assigned police officer adjacent to that specific area should have knowledge about the boundary of the high crime area (Ferguson & Bernach, 2008, p.1586). According to Amar (1994), the Fourth amendment always calls for warrants and probable cause for any kind of police searches and exclusion of vehicle obtained illegally from any individual or group of people† (Amar, 1994, p.757). Carmen and Walker(2011), in their writing presented this case with analysis as how the fourth amendment was imposed on Wardlaw by the two police officer and whether it was justifiable or not. According to the

Human Computer Interaction Assignment English Language Essay

Human Computer Interaction Assignment English Language Essay Technology has had a big impact on society, as it has made many drastic improvements to the way life in general has changed and improved so much. For instance, technology has improved usability of software and hardware in society. In addition specialised interfaces have helped people with disabilities enabling diversity to take place. Describe the impact of HCI on society, the economy and culture, providing 5 (five) examples of each topic. Society Touch screen phones, using phones is now easier because of the touch screens Input/output Game controllers, game controls allow you to play a game and connect with others by sending messages or attaching a microphone to it to talk Remote control, allows you to remotely control something without being right next to the thing you want to control Head up Display, would be good for drivers since they wont have to look away from the road to see how fast theyre going Economy Text readers, also known as text to speech Voice input, example telling a lamp to switch off and it switches off Thought input, wheel chair users will have the ability to control their wheel chair by just thinking about it Mobile communication, ability to call or text anyone world wide Reduced complexity of input, everything is simple and requires no more than 2-3 options of input Culture Games, allow people to connect with each other allowing one another to have an open mind and talk to different people with different opinions and thoughts Deskilling work, androids/robots will replace the easy things humans do, e.g. at tesco and a few other places you can serve yourself and self-checkout Mobile entertainment, youre now able to watch videos about different cultures with your mobile Laptops, ability to search the internet, interact with others, watch videos Domestic appliances, things like microwaves diswashers Task 2 (P2) Considering that the HCI design principles create a big impact on a users experience of a hardware and software product, explain the Schneiderman (eight rules) and Nielsens ten usability heuristics principles. Remember to explain perception, behaviour models and information processing. Schneiderman Strive for consistency: either it be the consistent same lay out or colours, or the identical terminology used in menus, prompts and help screens, if it is in a similar situation it should all be the same or somewhat similar. Enable frequent users to use shortcuts: A regular user of a device or a certain type of application should have the ability to have a shortcut to things they use the most; this would speed up the work flow. Offer informative feedback: When a user is interacting with their device or application, they should receive feedback that gives them a clear representation and is also understandable. Design dialog to yield closure: A users gets a good feeling when they know there is a flow to what ever theyre doing, that everything is in a chain, one thing has to happen in order for another. For example, sending a message on an application such as whatsapp first you need to add the contact, then the message its self, and then after youve sent the message it shows a D letting you know its been delivered. Offer simple error handling: If something goes wrong with a device, a simple type of hint should pop up to help the user with the problem that occurred. If a certain app crashes it should ask the user if theyd like a error report to be sent. Permit easy reversal of actions: In other words undo this is needed in a HCI because it would prevent any permanent mistakes. Support internal locus of control: a user should receive some what a type of display letting the user know that something is actually happening. Lets say a user attempts to open a app and the app is taking a few seconds to get ready and open up, the user would instinctually think the app didnt respond to his/her touch so he/she will attempt to reopen the app multiple times until the app malfunctions. Reduce short-term memory load: When a user is using a device they shouldnt be thinking about the amount of times theyll need to push a button or what not, it should be a simple click of a button, and with menus it shouldnt require a button push to go up or down it should be a simple scroll bar. Nielsens ten usability heuristics principles Visibility of System Status: The system should have a certain type of way to let the user know what is happening and with a good time. Match between system and the real world: The system should be able to speak the users language, with the correct words and the right concepts and with the right time, so it is communicating clearly with the user User control and freedom: Sometimes when youre using a device in a rush you tend to open random applications and then you have the ability to instantly abort the application, without having to go through the process of the extended dialogue. Consistency and standards: The system should always have continuity across the platform. Error prevention: The better the design is the one with the better error recovery, but also prevents users from making the same errors twice. Recognition rather than recall: The user shouldnt have to remember the information from dialogue to another, it should all be recognisable and visible to the user. Flexibility and efficiency of use: The system should have accelerators, which are unseen to the regular user but they allow the expert user to do things and navigate faster with more frequent actions. Aesthetic and minimalist design: Dialogues shouldnt contain information that is not needed in that specific area, you should always make sure your system is efficiently composed. Help users recognise, diagnose and recover from errors: Error messages and error prompt boxes should explain the problem in plain language without code, and should also precisely indicate whatever the problem may be and also give advice to the user on a solution. Help and documentation: Although a system is better without documentation, it might be necessary to provide the help and documentation, so that any such information should be easily searched for and found. It should also be focused on what the users task is and list the steps to be carried out. Task 3 (P3) McCann Phones a small and up and coming new mobile phone producer has decided to develop a new mobile phone interface for its next series of mobile phones to replace its highly successful first range. The developers have come up with three possible interfaces and they need to decide which one to use. It has been decided to carry out an investigation on the alternatives prior to production. You have the support of the software engineers and production manager so prototypes will be made available to you. As you are the resident usability evaluator it is your task to carry out any necessary survey work and to come up with proposal. Here are the three possible interfaces: The convention qwerty keyboard as used in most computer systems. An alphabetical keyboard (a, b, c, d, e,,z) A keyboard based on frequency of character us (e, t, a, o, n, rz) Design the input and output of your mobile prototype. Choose one of the suggested interfaces and explain why. F:Unit 23 HCITemplate of phone design.jpg Clicking either one of these buttons will open up a certain app/webpage, depending on the one you click, for instance if you click on the one with f will open up a Facebook app or webpage. Reason why Ive added this to my mobile prototype is because people now use these two to communicate with each other, with the button input being there, itll allow you to get in contact faster and easier considering all youd have to do is click a button. Task 4 (P4) The knob in the centre of this washing machine system controls the different fabric washing systems and the settings for rinse and spin. The control does not have a stop in either direction; in other words it continues to go all the way round to the next cycle. Create input and output for this machine which would be best for adjusting the cycle according to the fabric, temperature, speed and timer. You could draw a picture to help you explain the reasons. Provide two new ideas that are not available in the industry. img_0193.jpg Below is what my design would look like and I will be explaining the two things that Ive implemented into my design that havent been used in the industry. 2. Touch screen, everything you input will be touch done via the new sleek touch screen design. Child lock passcode, this will be programmed in a way that it will be child proof, for example if you want to lock your machine after it has started and keep every button locked, youll enter the child lock. It is designed in a way so that no matter what you push nothing will be happening but to deactivate the lock youll first have to enter the first 2 digits right, this will then enable you to see what youre inputting and then you enter the rest of your passlock to unlock the machine. G:Unit 23 HCITask 4 Design 1.png Task 5 (P5) Based on the case scenario before, explain how you would test your system according to its functionality. Comment on the usefulness of such system and point out any drawbacks. Testing the system child lock To test the system youll first have to enter a child lock pass lock and then attempt to push any of the touch screen buttons and see if anything happens, and nothing should happen if the system is correctly made. This will be useful considering little children love to stand beside the washing machine when its spinning and tend to push buttons, but with the child lock they wont be able to push any buttons. The downside to this system is that the password is 4 digits long and to have half access to the system youll have to correctly enter the first 2 digits otherwise youd just be pushing the keys and nothing would be happening, so the drawback would be if you forgot the passcode you would have to end up calling the company to come and reset your password. Testing the touch screen To test this youll have to push what you want, for example, cotton, with 50 degrees Celsius and then on high spin, if the system is working properly it would input the material first and then the temperature and then lastly the amount of spins it will be doing. The touch screen with the options is useful because its simple to use and you can adjust it to the way you want it and wont have to clock the washing machine knob to the way you want it, you just have to input the things you want with a touch of a button. The big drawback to having a touch screen is that if it is dented or broken it will be not be operating properly, it probably wont even be operating at all, so you wont be able to input anything. Task 6 (P6) Bionic vision was once the preserve of futuristic technology shows. However, those Tomorrows World days could soon be reality with a pair of glasses linked to a computer offering hope to thousands of visually impaired people in Britain. Current technology that can give profoundly visually impaired people a form of sight through a retinal implant is expensive and invasive, so developing an affordable, non-invasive alternative would be a welcome improvement. And this is exactly what scientists at the University of Oxford are working on. The technology works by having a tiny video camera mounted on to a pair of glasses, which relays information to a small computer in the users pocket. The computer recognises objects or people and relays the information to the lenses via tiny LED lights. (Light-emitting diode). People would see a bright light within the lenses themselves to indicate an object. The brightness of the light would then indicate how close, or how far away the object was and that may be enough for the wearer to navigate their way around. Using a computer to interpret the world on behalf of the wearer means we could use different coloured lights in the lenses to allow different types of information to be fed back to the wearer explains Dr. Stephen Hicks, research associate in the Department of Clinical Neurosciences at the University of Oxford. The advances in mobile phone and computer game technology, such as face recognition, tracking software and depth sensors enable the visually impaired to access a whole new host of possibilities. (Extract from Metro, September 19, 2001) Explain how you would design the device and document how you would consider the input, output, the quantitative measures and qualitative measures of effectiveness of your product. This would be designed on a pair of glasses with a lens that is 5cm thick, it would need to be sort of thick to fit in a pair of small LCD screen into each of the lens. The input and out put would work in a way with different bright colours, for example if the area is clear of objects and people it would be a black light with a blue light highlighting the walls so that the user of the glasses doesnt bump into the walls, and if the user is near people it would be a black light with green light highlighting approximately where the object or person is so that the user doesnt bump into them. If its dark at night instead of the backgrounds being black they would be white and objects, people and walls would be highlighted with purple. The glasses would also be implemented with a vibrator and a sound card to make beeping noises when someone gets close to an object within a close radius of 50 centre meters, and depending on how low/high the object is, it will make a beep vibrate, the user has the ability to switch one of these of. Each beep and vibrate will have a different meaning for example if a object is really close to the person and they can walk over it, it would simple beep twice and vibrate twice, just in case they didnt hear the beep. C:Usershijh0736Pictures48416_1 copy.jpg Ear piece attached to the glasses that goes into the users ear, it sends beeping signals depending on the diameter of how close they are to a object, they can get the settings changed from where they where given the product, just in case the beeping gets annoying or they want to change the frequency of the beeping. LCD screen projecting lights, black background, with green to represent a object. If the person that is vision impaired isnt impaired badly, then they can ask someone to change the settings of the screen so that the black background is taken away and it is just see through but it would still highlight objects as green. If the person that is vision impaired is badly impaired, no need to worry their is a ear piece that also helps, with beeping when coming in close contact to a object. Submission Date: Week commencing, 22nd October 2012 in class Failure to submit on time is a serious concern. Please read your Rules Regulations. Any request for EXTENSION needs to be made in writing to the subject lecturer and copy to Tutor. GUIDE LINES FOR COMPLETING THE ASSIGNMENT Please attach the complete cover sheet with your coursework. Make sure your read all of the tasks in this assignment before you start. Create your assignment in one Word document. Please write in your own words. Proof read and spell check your work. Reference your work by providing bibliography/source table on a separate sheet in the same document of all the books, websites, notes, etc. Ensure the assignment presentation is clear and that the tasks are identified with the appropriate task numbers and the grading criterion. Include your name in the header, unit no, title, appropriate file name and path, page numbers in the footer. Submit on time via Moodle (final submission). Save a copy of your work on the WKC server this is important and a requirement. Presentation of your Assignment The work will use correct paragraphing, formal grammar, tenses and spelling. The pages of the assignment will be consecutively numbered. The correct cover sheet must be submitted with your assignment. Assessment Policy BTEC Courses Students will be permitted to go through a draft with the lecturer during a workshop determined by the lecturer. If you do not attend this workshop, your draft will not be checked. They will then be expected to hand in the assignment on the due date and time as specified on the assessment brief and the AR1 (assessment plan). Late submissions are capped at a Pass unless you have extenuating circumstances and have explained these to the tutor prior to the submission date. You are entitled to one resubmission with the Pass criteria in the closed book assessment For the Merit and Distinction criteria, anybody who is unable to achieve on first submission will be require to sit a closed book assessment at the end of the semester. REFERENCING and BIBLIOGRAPHY The Harvard Referencing System will be used conventionally to identify all secondary research A conventional and complete Bibliography using the Harvard Referencing System will be included. Please note that you are NOT allowed to include any reference from the Wikipedia website your assessment may be adversely graded if Wikipedia features in the referencing or Bibliography. Please see the example below for how a Bibliography should be formatted: Example Bibliography Books Grbich, C. (2007). Qualitative Data Analysis: an introduction. London, Sage Publications Ltd. Hart, C. (2005). Doing your Masters Dissertation. London, Sage Publications Ltd. Journal Articles Abdullah, F. (2006). Measuring Service Quality in higher education: HEdPERF versus SERVPERF. Marketing Intelligence and Planning 24(1): 31-47. Bignold, D. (2006). Schooled and Tooled. Caterer Hotelkeeper 10th August 2006: 23-26.

Harriet Beecher Stowes Uncle Toms Cabin - The Power of Love :: Uncle Toms Cabin

The Power of Love in Uncle Tom's Cabin In Uncle Tom's Cabin, Harriet Beecher Stowe supplies the reader with two diametrically opposed characters, the two children, representatives of the two extremes of society. The fair, high-bred child, with her golden head, her deep eyes, her spiritual, noble brow, and prince-like movements; and her black, keen, subtle, cringing, yet acute neighbor. They stood representatives of their races. The Saxon, born of ages of cultivation, command, education, physical and moral eminence; the Afric, born of oppression, ignorance, toil and vice! The two children, Evangeline and Topsy, teach us a lesson about love. While Evangeline's "form was the perfection of childish beauty" and "there was about her an undulating and aerial grace," the "expression of (Topsy's) face was an odd mixture of shrewdness and cunning" and "there was something odd and goblin-like about her appearance." When "no word of chiding or reproof ever fell on (Evangeline's) ear for whatever she chose to do" Topsy was "whipped with a poker, knocked down with a shovel or tongs, whichever came the handiest." "Always dressed in white," Evangeline moved "through all sorts of places, without contracting a spot or stain" while Topsy "was dressed in a single filthy, ragged garment, made out of bagging." Of Evangeline, Miss Ophelia remarked, "Well, she's so loving! After all, she's no more than Christ-like," and of Topsy, "so heathenish." Evangeline told Tom her Christ-like feelings about slavery: "I've felt that I would be glad to die, if my dying could stop all this misery. I would die for them, Tom, if I could." The word "God," however, is meaningless to Topsy. When asked who her parents are, she responds, "I spect I grow'd. Don't think nobody never made me." "A thousand times a day rough voices blessed (Evangeline), and smiles of unwonted softness stole over hard faces, as she passed; and when she tripped fearlessly over hard places, rough, sooty hands were stretched involuntarily to save her, and smooth her path." Such was not the case for our mischievous friend Topsy. When Evangeline spoke to Topsy about her habit of stealing things, she asked her, "Poor Topsy, why need you steal? You're going to be taken good care of, now. I'm sure I'd rather give you anything of mine, than have you steal it." These were "the first word(s) of kindness the child had ever heard in her life" and "something like a tear shone in (her) keen, round, glittering eye.

Hispanic Immigrants: Victims of Discrimination

Running head: HISPANIC IMMIGRANTS Hispanic Immigrants: Victims of Discrimination Kathleen Juarbe-Gorgas Professor Dettmann October 21, 2010 United States is the land of immigrants or the land of white people? Based on the U. S. history when Christopher Columbus discovers America, the Europeans start immigrant for better opportunities. The Native Indians was the owner of this land but the European took it over. As a consequence of the slavery, people from other countries came to U. S. to work either voluntary or involuntary. As a result in today society we have all the diversity in ethnicity.However the immigrant get here, they have a common goal achieve the American dream. So, if this country has been build with immigrants why Americans discriminate against them? Immigration is a serious issue in U. S. because they’re many cases of illegal immigration. The society makes the American dream almost impossible to any immigrant but especially to the Hispanics. The Americans argue t hat the Hispanics immigrant come here to commit crimes. Rape, kidnapping, homicides, drug dealers and robbery are some of common crimes commit by Hispanics immigrants.A popular federal crime between illegal immigrants is identity theft. Identity theft is when somebody stole social security cards, birth certificates, identification cards, driver licenses and any other type of identification that can be misused or falsify. On occasion the anti-immigrants have horrible experiences with the illegal immigrant that make them discriminated against all. (Background on discrimination against immigrants, 2009) Also, the anti-immigrant protest that the immigrant stole the Americans works for a less pay.The American thinks that Hispanic immigrants are all the same; they’re illegal and come to this country to commit crimes. But the Hispanic immigrants come to this country to achieve the American dream. Most of the time they move to U. S. to have better opportunities because in their count ry is impossible emerge from the poverty. The thought of any Hispanic immigrant is to have a better job to provide the family, give a better education to their children and if possible pay the college tuition. But also achieve the biggest challenge in this country, the English language.The Hispanic immigrant has the brave to overcome any barrier and come here without knowing the language, the culture or sometimes have any relative and start from the bottom until achieve the goals. (Background on discrimination against immigrants, 2009) The fact of being immigrant is enough for discrimination at the point to commit a crime? A hate crime that shocked the Hispanic community was the homicide of Luis Ramirez. An illegal immigrant who resided in Shenandoah, Pennsylvania; he was victim of a death beating from group of Caucasian teenagers.Another case of hate against Latinos happened five months after Ramirez death in Long Island, NY. Marcelo Lucero was fatal beaten by teenager just for bei ng Latino. (Raul, 2010) Those are examples of the influences of discrimination in the United States society. The hate crimes have been practice in all 50 states from people who are racist. Instead of helping our community, those crimes are making worst. The discrimination is like a genetic disease that is produce from the racism which goes from generation to generation.The anti-immigrants believe that the white race is superior to any other race. They practice discrimination against immigrant. They are repeating the history when the African-Americans were prosecuted because they were blacks. The anti-immigrant has movements such as Federation for American Immigration Reform (FAIR) who are opposed to any kind of immigration reform. Certain way the only responsible of immigration issues in United States are the colonizers because they bring the slave from other countries to do the hard work.Instead to be prejudices and racism against the immigrant and blame on them; the anti-immigrant should read and comprehensive the U. S. history to stop the discrimination. References Background on discrimination against immigrants. (2009). Retrieved August 30, 2010, from Do Something: www. dosomething. org National Council of La Raza. (2010). Hate Flashpoints. Retrieved August 30, 2010, from We Can Stop The Hate: www. wecanstopthehate. org Raul, R. (2010, January 22). Justice gets tough on hate crimes . Retrieved October 20, 2010, from EbscoHost: www. ebscohost. com

Effects of Stress on Grades

Students at universities worldwide oftentimes find stress to be a part of everyday life. Stress is defined as the way one responds to the changes and demands of life either emotionally, physically, or mentally. Stress is registered in one’s â€Å"fight or flight† response. When an exciting or dangerous event occurs changes take place in the body to prepare the person to deal with the stressful situation. After the stressful situation has subsided the body returns to a normal state. The constant stress of being a college student does not allow the body to return to a normal state so a student may never be able to fully relax. This can lead to stress overload (Bower, 2010). Many factors can affect a student’s academic performance and grades. The National College Health Assessment of 2004 shows that the most significant impediment to effective listening, retaining information, and studying is stress. Stress is noted to be the number one cause of poor academic functioning in a student above other problems like depression, illness, eating disorders, death of a family member, and even sexual assault. The study reviewed 47,202 college students and 32. 4% listed stress as the number one barrier to schoolwork (Temple, 2006). Many college students have multiple stressors. Most are taking multiple classes, working full-time jobs, have family members to take care of, are working long hours at unpaid internship sites, or any combination of these. Many college students must deal with the stress of just leaving home and no longer benefiting from familial support. Relationship problems may begin to develop between the student and the friends, families, or significant others that have been left at home. This overload of responsibility and worry can lead to a lack of sleep and improper nutrition, which can cause difficulty in school (Bower, 2010). Proper nutrition may become a problem for a student because he or she may be unable to grocery shop on a regular basis. Other problems with nutrition occur because a student who is living in a dormitory may be unable to cook proper meals and unable to store large quantities of food. Some students new to living without parents may not have the knowledge to cook a decent meal. Others simply do not have the time to eat properly. Without proper nutrition the brain does not function properly and the student may have difficulty concentrating on schoolwork (Womble, 2002). Maintaining employment while attending college can also be a source of stress. This stress may come from working long hours that can make the student too tired to focus on his or her studies or working long hours may lead to attendance problems at school. Mentally focusing on both work life and school life can be exhausting for a student and can lead to increased amounts of stress. The number of hours a student spends at work can be directly related to that student’s grade point average (GPA) because the more time a student spends at work, the less time that student can spend studying (Womble, 2002). Sleep, or lack of, is the most important factor on a student’s GPA. Many college students do not sleep enough during the week to properly rest the body and mind. Lack of sleep has been shown to increase anxiety and stress. Simple sleep patterns like waking earlier during the weekdays than on the weekends have also been shown to affect the GPA of a student (Womble, 2002). Not all college students complain of experiencing stress, many do. Although some stress is good for a person and may be energizing or motivating, it is important for a person to recognize and be able to manage bad stress before it spirals out of control and has a negative effect. Coping mechanisms are important for anyone but may prove to be more so for a college student. Coping mechanisms include sleeping enough, spending time doing fun activities, relaxing, and practicing time management. Developing ones communication, writing, and test taking skills is important to reduce stress. Engaging in physical activity, reading a book that is not school related, or getting a massage are ways to reduce stress and relax. Daily use of a planner to track assignment due dates and upcoming project deadlines is useful for staying on track with studies (Bower, 2010). Coping mechanisms come from within, from something called personality hardiness. The idea of personality hardiness first came to be with regard to protecting business executives from the health effects of stress. This concept involves having a sense of control and commitment. Commitment means that a person can view the world as a meaningful place and he or she seeks to be involved in the world rather than withdrawn from it. Control shows that a person believes he or she can influence events that take place in his or her world. Personality hardiness means that a person may not feel threatened by changes to his or her environment. Theoretically, a student with personality hardiness should be able to adapt to the changes that come with enrollment in school, taking multiple classes, maintaining employment, and family obligations without stress overload. The result should mean that a student takes on the new challenges with less stress and instead turns the stressful events into opportunities for growth and personal development (Hystad, Eid, Laberg, Johnsen, & Bartone, 2009). Two studies have been performed by Lifton and colleagues. These studies assessed the personality hardiness of individuals throughout the college years. These studies had newly arriving college students complete hardiness measures and found a positive interrelationship between persistence and the student’s graduation date four years later. The hardiness scores among those who did not complete four years of college were lower than those who did not drop out. The scores on the hardiness exams were not directly related to scores on entrance exams or high academic ability. Personality hardiness is not based on a person’s academic ability but rather a person’s attitude or the manner in which he or she approaches life’s challenges (Hystad et al. , 2009). Though the information contained in the numerous studies that have been done regarding stress and the college student’s ability to achieve a decent GPA is helpful to understanding stress and how it affects different people there are always exceptions to every rule. Although it is true that every person handles stressful situations in his or her own unique way there are many resources available to help a college student achieve passing grades regardless of the stress factor. At the same time, there are many choices a college student makes that adds to the amount of stress he or she carries in everyday life. Many times when a college student is sleep deprived it is that he or she has made the choice to be sleep deprived. Staying up all night partying is common among college students as going off to college may be the first time the student has had the opportunity to do so and many consider it to be a bonding experience or a way to make friends in a new place. Grabbing a less than stellar meal from the nearest fast food joint or having a pizza delivered is oftentimes a choice that a student makes rather than a necessity. Eating a meal like this is easier than shopping for a meal, cooking a meal, and cleaning up after a meal. Eating on the run may also be what â€Å"all of the other kids are doing† and again it is a way to fit in. Whereas it is true that some students must maintain employment while attending school this may not have to be the stressor that it often is. Time management skills can come in handy when trying to juggle work and school. Taking time to relax is one of the most important and effective ways of reducing stress. This can; however, oftentimes be misconstrued and taken out of context. One of the worst, and most common, pastimes college students use to relax is drinking alcoholic beverages. Binge drinking can be very detrimental to schoolwork as this can do away with a person’s judgment skills, time management skills, and a person’s healthy well-being. Research shows that binge drinking affects approximately 50% of college students (Stunn, n. d. ). Binge drinking can lead to missing classes because the student may be to hung-over to attend or if the student does manage to attend the mind and body may not be functioning at full capacity and may lead to an inability to concentrate and retain information. When this kind of drinking is done night after night it can lead to many absences or missed assignments, which can compound a student’s stress level by having to make up the work or complete the work in a shorter time with little to no instruction This information would be recommended to others in the class because as students stress will be an important factor during not only college years but also in future years as well. It is important that as an individual a person has coping mechanisms to deal with stress to maintain a healthy lifestyle. Research done on the topic of how stress can negatively affect a student’s GPA is important in learning how to better deal with the stressors in one’s life to overcome barriers and achieve the goals he or she has set. Enrolling in college is a big step in which nobody intentionally sets up to fail. Whereas there are many changes that a college student must adapt to there are an equal number of services both on campus and off that will help a student overcome the barriers to effective learning and to become a better student despite the changes in life. Learning ways to manage time, learning to make choices that will facilitate not only a healthy relationship with peers but also a healthy lifestyle, and learning to cope with the sometimes daily changes in life is part of growing up and moving into the adult world.